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Rattus norvegicus

Brown Rat

Taxonomy: AnimaliaChordataMammaliaRodentiaMuridaeRattusRattus norvegicus
Lifespan: 5 years Source: HAGR:AnAge
Rattus norvegicus
Genes
Name Description
Pubmed Neoplasms by Site A collective term for precoordinated organ/neoplasm headings locating neoplasms by organ, as brain neoplasms, duodenal neoplasms, etc. MeSH Definition
Pubmed Pathologic Processes The abnormal mechanisms and forms involved in the dysfunctions of tissues and organs. MeSH Definition
Pubmed Skin Diseases Conditions that irritate, clog or inflame your skin can cause symptoms such as redness, swelling, burning and itching. Allergies, irritants, your genetic makeup and certain diseases and immune system problems can cause dermatitis, hives and other skin conditions. Many skin problems, such as acne, also affect your appearance. MedlinePlus health topic
Pubmed Neoplasms by Histologic Type A collective term for the various histological types of neoplasms. MeSH Definition
Pubmed Bacterial Infections Bacteria are living things that have only one cell. Under a microscope, they look like balls, rods or spirals. Most bacteria won't hurt you - less than 1 percent makes people sick. Many are helpful. But infectious bacteria can make you ill. They reproduce quickly in your body. Many give off chemicals called toxins, which can damage tissue and make you sick. Examples of bacteria that cause infections include Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and E. coli. MedlinePlus health topic
Pubmed Heart Diseases Heart disease is the number one killer in the U.S. It is also a major cause of disability. The most common cause of heart disease is narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart itself. This is called coronary artery disease and happens slowly over time. It's the major reason people have heart attacks. MedlinePlus health topic
Pubmed Infection Infection is the general term for invasion and growth of microorganisms in bodily tissues. GHR - Glossary
Pubmed Disease Attributes Clinical characteristics of disease or illness. MeSH Definition
Pubmed Lung Diseases When you breathe, your lungs take in oxygen from the air and deliver it to the bloodstream. The cells in your body need oxygen to work and grow. During a normal day, you breathe nearly 25,000 times. People with lung disease have difficulty breathing. Millions of people in the U.S. have lung disease. If all types of lung disease are lumped together, it is the number three killer in the United States. MedlinePlus health topic
Pubmed Female Urogenital Diseases Pathological processes of the female urinary tract and the reproductive system. MeSH Definition
Pubmed RNA Virus Infections An RNA virus is a virus that has RNA (ribonucleic acid) as its genetic material. This nucleic acid is usually single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) but may be double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). The ICTV classifies RNA viruses as those that belong to Group III, Group IV or Group V of the Baltimore classification system of classifying viruses, and does not consider viruses with DNA intermediates as RNA viruses. Notable human diseases caused by RNA viruses include SARS, influenza and hepatitis C. Wikipedia
Pubmed Gastrointestinal Diseases All diseases that pertain to the gastrointestinal tract are labelled as digestive diseases. This includes diseases of the esophagus, stomach, first, second and third part of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, the ileo-cecal complex, large intestine (ascending, transverse and descending colon) sigmoid colon and rectum. Wikipedia
Pubmed Genetic Diseases, Inborn Diseases that are caused by genetic mutations present during embryo or fetal development, although they may be observed later in life. The mutations may be inherited from a parent's genome or they may be acquired in utero. MeSH Definition
Pubmed Hematologic Diseases Diseases of the blood and related organs. Hematology is the branch of medicine that is concerned with the study of blood, the blood-forming organs, and blood diseases. Hematology includes the study of etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of blood diseases. Wikipedia
Pubmed Congenital Abnormalities Malformations of organs or body parts during development in utero. MeSH Definition
Pubmed Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections Gram-positive bacteria are those that are stained dark blue or violet by Gram staining. This is in contrast to Gram-negative bacteria, which cannot retain the crystal violet stain, instead taking up the counterstain (safranin) and appearing red or pink. Gram-positive organisms are able to retain the crystal violet stain because of the high amount of peptidoglycan in the cell wall. Gram-positive cell walls typically lack the outer membrane found in Gram-negative bacteria. Wikipedia
Pubmed Genital Diseases, Female Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract. MeSH Definition
Pubmed Vascular Diseases The vascular system is the body's network of blood vessels. It includes the arteries, veins and capillaries that carry blood to and from the heart. Problems of the vascular system are common and can be serious. Arteries can become thick and stiff, a problem called arteriosclerosis. Blood clots can clog vessels and block blood flow to the heart or brain. Weakened blood vessels can burst, causing bleeding inside the body. MedlinePlus health topic
Pubmed Wounds and Injuries Injury is damage or harm caused to the structure or function of the body caused by an outside agent or force, which may be physical or chemical. Injury may also refer to injured feelings or reputation rather than injuries to the body. A severe and perhaps life-threatening injury is called a physical trauma. Wikipedia
Pubmed Intestinal Diseases Diseases of the intestine. In anatomy, the intestine is the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. In humans, the small intestine is further subdivided into the duodenum, jejunum and ileum while the large intestine is subdivided into the cecum and colon. Wikipedia
Pubmed Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections that you can get from having sex with someone who has the infection. The causes of STDs are bacteria, parasites and viruses. There are more than 20 types of STDs. MedlinePlus health topic
Pubmed Lymphatic Diseases The lymphatic system is a network of tissues and organs. It is made up mainly of lymph vessels, lymph nodes and lymph. Lymph vessels, which are different from blood vessels, carry fluid called lymph throughout your body. Lymph contains white blood cells that defend you against germs. Throughout the vessels are lymph nodes. Along with your spleen, these nodes are where white blood cells fight infection. Your bone marrow and thymus produce the cells in lymph. They are part of the system, too. MedlinePlus health topic
Pubmed Neurologic Manifestations Clinical signs and symptoms caused by nervous system injury or dysfunction. MeSH Definition
Pubmed Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes In medicine, immunodeficiency (or immune deficiency) is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease is compromised or entirely absent. Most cases of immunodeficiency are acquired (secondary) but some people are born with defects in the immune system, or primary immunodeficiency. Transplant patients take medications to suppress their immune system as an anti-rejection measure. A person who has an immunodeficiency of any kind is said to be immunocompromised. An immunocompromised person may be particularly vulnerable to opportunistic infections, in addition to normal infections that could affect everyone. Wikipedia
Pubmed Bone Diseases Your bones help you move, give you shape and support your body. They are living tissues that rebuild constantly throughout your life. There are many kinds of bone problems: Osteoporosis makes your bones weak and more likely to break. Osteogenesis imperfecta makes your bones brittle. Bones can also develop cancer. Other bone diseases are caused by poor nutrition, genetic factors or problems with the rate of bone growth or rebuilding. MedlinePlus health topic
Pubmed Urogenital Neoplasms A urogenital neoplasm is a tumor of the urogenital system. Wikipedia
Pubmed Respiratory Tract Infections Respiratory tract infections can refer to lower respiratory tract infections -- Often used as a synonym for pneumonia, but can also be applied to other types of infection including lung abscess, acute bronchitis, and emphysema. Symptoms include shortness of breath, weakness, high fever, coughing and fatigue -- and upper respiratory tract infections -- such as rhinosinusitis (common cold), sinusitis, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, laryngitis and sometimes bronchitis. Symptoms commonly include nasal congestion, cough, running nose, sore throat, fever, facial pressure and sneezing. Wikipedia
Pubmed Neoplasms, Experimental Experimentally induced new abnormal growth of TISSUES in animals to provide models for studying human neoplasms. MeSH Definition
Pubmed Retroviridae Infections Infection by a retrovirus. Wikipedia
Pubmed Lymphoproliferative Disorders Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) refer to several conditions in which lymphocytes are produced in excessive quantities. They typically occur in patients who have compromised immune systems. They are sometimes equated with immunoproliferative disorders, but technically Lymphoproliferative disorders are a subset of immunoproliferative disorders, along with hypergammaglobulinemia and paraproteinemias. Wikipedia